Food Safety and Food Poisoning While Travelling: What You Need to Know

Food Safety and Food Poisoning While Travelling: What You Need to Know

Travelling can expose you to new cuisines, but it can also increase your risk of food poisoning. Different hygiene standards, unfamiliar microbes, and unsafe water sources can lead to illness. This article explains the common causes of foodborne illness while travelling, what to watch for, and how to stay safe. 

You’ll also learn prevention tips and what to do if you get sick overseas. Staying informed helps you enjoy your trip with confidence and peace of mind.

What Causes Food Poisoning Overseas?

This usually occurs when contaminated food or drinks contain harmful bacteria, viruses, or parasites. While travelling, you may be exposed to different food preparation methods and water quality standards.

Common causes include:

• Eating food that has been left unrefrigerated or undercooked.

• Drinking untreated or contaminated water.

• Consuming raw fruits or vegetables washed in unsafe water.

• Poor hygiene practices by food handlers.

Travellers visiting developing regions are often more vulnerable, as sanitation and refrigeration may be limited. Even familiar foods can pose a risk if handled or stored improperly.

Common Foodborne Illnesses While Travelling

Foodborne illnesses vary depending on where you travel and what you eat. 

Knowing the common types of foodborne illnesses helps you recognise symptoms early and seek care when needed.

Bacterial Infections

Bacteria are among the leading causes of food poisoning.

• Salmonella – Found in undercooked eggs, poultry, and meat; symptoms appear within 6–72 hours.

• E. Coli – Often from contaminated water or salads, causes stomach cramps and diarrhoea.

• Campylobacter – Common in undercooked chicken and unpasteurised milk. 

These infections usually cause nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, diarrhoea, and fever lasting a few days.

Parasitic Infections

Parasites thrive in contaminated water and food, especially in tropical regions.

• Giardia – Contracted through unsafe water; leads to bloating and prolonged diarrhoea.

• Amoebiasis – Spread via contaminated food or water, causing abdominal pain and loose stools.

• Toxoplasmosis – Linked to undercooked meat or unwashed produce.

These infections may last longer than bacterial illnesses and sometimes need prescription medication.

Viral Infections

Viruses can spread easily in travel settings such as cruise ships or group tours.

• Norovirus – Highly contagious and often linked to buffets or shared dining.

• Hepatitis A – Spread through contaminated food or water; preventable with vaccination.

• Rotavirus – Common in children, especially where hygiene is poor.

Symptoms include nausea, vomiting, diarrhoea, and fatigue, usually resolving within a week.

Some serious foodborne illnesses like hepatitis A and typhoid can be prevented through vaccination. Ask your GP what’s recommended for your travel destination.

How to Avoid Food Poisoning While Travelling

Staying safe while eating abroad is largely about hygiene, awareness, and smart habits. Key strategies include:

• Wash hands regularly – especially before eating or handling food.

• Choose clean food establishments – look for busy, well-maintained places where food is cooked fresh.

• Eat cooked foods – hot, freshly prepared meals are safer than cold or reheated dishes. Avoid raw food.

• Be cautious with water – drink bottled or treated water, and avoid ice. Some foods may be rinsed in untreated water e.g., salads.

• Observe local practices – watch how food is stored and served; avoid visibly unhygienic food.

• Store and handle food properly – keep perishable items refrigerated and avoid food left out for long periods.

• Listen to your body – if a meal doesn’t feel right, it’s safer not to eat it.

These general principles help reduce the risk of foodborne illness while allowing you to enjoy local cuisine confidently.

Can Any Foodborne Illnesses Be Prevented with Vaccines?

Yes. Some foodborne illnesses can be prevented through vaccination, particularly in high-risk regions.

• Typhoid – often spread through contaminated food or water.

• Hepatitis A – caused by a virus in unsafe food or drinks.

• Cholera – linked to contaminated water or food in certain countries.

Vaccines are usually recommended based on your travel destination. Always discuss your itinerary with a GP or travel health clinic to ensure you receive the appropriate protection before departure.

Food Safety Checklist for Travellers

Before Eating Abroad:

• Check restaurant cleanliness and food handling practices.

• Ensure water and beverages are safe.

• Consider vaccines for high-risk destinations.

While Eating Abroad:

• Wash hands before meals.

• Eat freshly cooked, hot foods.

• Avoid raw or unwashed produce in high-risk areas.

• Observe local hygiene practices.

After Eating Abroad:

• Stay hydrated, especially if experiencing mild digestive upset.

• Seek medical attention for persistent vomiting, diarrhoea, or fever.

• Report severe symptoms to a local health provider if needed.

What to Do If You Get Sick While Travelling

If you suspect food poisoning, the first steps focus on rest, hydration, and monitoring your symptoms.

• Rest and avoid strenuous activity until you feel better.

• Drink plenty of safe fluids to prevent dehydration, such as bottled water or rehydration solutions.

• Eat small, bland meals if tolerated and avoid heavy, fatty foods.

Access to healthcare may vary depending on your destination, so it’s important to know the location of local clinics or hospitals.

Symptoms like vomiting, diarrhoea, and stomach cramps are common, but dehydration can quickly become dangerous. Prioritise fluids.

When to See a GP or Seek Emergency Care

Seek professional care if you experience:

• Blood in your stool or vomit.

• Signs of severe dehydration (dizziness, very little urine).

• Persistent vomiting or diarrhoea lasting more than a couple of days.

• High fever or worsening abdominal pain.

High-risk groups, such as children, older adults, and people with chronic conditions, should not delay seeking care if symptoms persist or are severe.

Food Safety After Returning Home

Even after returning home, some foodborne infections can have long incubation periods or reactivate.

• Speak with your GP if symptoms continue or worsen.

• A travel health consultation can help determine whether testing or treatment is needed.

• Continue practising safe food handling at home to prevent secondary infections.

Get Travel Health Advice at Myhealth Clinics

Planning ahead can significantly reduce your risk of foodborne illness while travelling. Myhealth GP’s provide personalised travel health advice, including recommended vaccinations, safe eating tips, and guidance based on your destination. Pre-travel consultations help you enjoy your trip with confidence and minimise health risks.

Book a travel health consultation at Myhealth before your next trip to ensure you’re fully prepared.

FAQs About Foodborne Illness and Travel 

What are the first signs of food poisoning when travelling?

Early symptoms typically include nausea, vomiting, stomach cramps, diarrhoea, and mild fever. They can appear anywhere from a few hours to several days after eating contaminated food or drinking unsafe water. Staying hydrated and monitoring your condition is crucial in the initial stages.

Is it safe to eat street food abroad?

Street food can be safe if you take precautions. Look for busy stalls with high turnover, freshly cooked food, and good hygiene practices. Avoid foods that have been left sitting out or handled without care. Using common sense and observing local practices helps reduce risk.

How do I know if it’s food poisoning or a stomach bug?

Food poisoning usually develops soon after eating contaminated food or water and often includes vomiting and diarrhoea. A stomach bug (viral gastroenteritis) can develop more gradually and may spread through person-to-person contact. Duration, timing, and exposure history help distinguish the cause.

What should I pack in case I get food poisoning while travelling?

Pack safe fluids, oral rehydration solutions, electrolyte tablets, and bland snacks. Include items like a thermometer, hand sanitiser, and a small first aid kit. Having these on hand ensures you can manage mild symptoms while seeking care if needed.

Should I cancel my trip if I have food poisoning before departure?

If you have active symptoms like vomiting or diarrhoea, it’s best to postpone travel until fully recovered. Travelling while ill can worsen your condition and risk spreading infection to others. Consult your GP for advice and recovery guidelines before rescheduling.